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Energy Efficiency Strategies for Educational Buildings: Reducing Costs and Improving Sustainability

By Jason Baker, PE, LEED AP

March 3, 2025
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It’s no secret that energy costs are having a growing impact on operating budgets for all building types, including educational facilities.

Between the constant need to maintain comfortable indoor environments and limited budgets, finding effective ways to lower energy consumption and reduce energy costs around campus is critical. Improved energy performance can be achieved from a better understanding of energy usage patterns and the implementation of targeted strategies.
Taylor University Horne Academic Center hallway
Taylor University Horne Academic Center hallway

Building Envelope and Energy Consumption

The building envelope—essentially, the outer shell of a building, including walls, windows, and roofing—is a significant factor in energy efficiency. Energy data from the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECs) shows that while education buildings tend to be more efficient than the national average, the envelope still plays a crucial role in energy savings.

In particular, increased insulation and high-performance glass are powerful tools for reducing energy loss. High-performance glass, which reduces solar heat gain and minimizes heat transfer, not only reduces the need for heating and cooling but also helps decrease the size of HVAC systems required, resulting in further savings

Additionally, reducing infiltration (unwanted air leakage) is vital. Thermal cameras can be used to identify leaks in the building envelope, ensuring the building maintains energy efficiency.

Heating and Cooling Energy Usage

When it comes to energy consumption, heating accounts for a substantial portion, especially in colder climates. Heating represents approximately 32% of energy usage in educational buildings. This contrasts with cooling, which, despite being a critical function in warmer months, uses far less energy overall. The typical temperature differential in northern climates between inside and outside environments is far more extreme for heating, making it a higher energy demand.

An energy load calculation is essential to properly size HVAC equipment, ensuring it meets the needs of the building without wasting energy. Understanding this aspect is crucial for improving overall energy efficiency.
Two people sitting in college lounge
Two people sitting in college lounge

Mechanical Systems and Energy Efficiency

The efficiency of mechanical systems, particularly HVAC systems, plays a key role in energy consumption. Boilers, chillers, and air handling units need to be optimized for energy savings. One example of an effective energy-saving solution is the use of energy recovery ventilators (ERVs). ERVs can transfer heat from exhaust air to incoming air, which is especially helpful in buildings with high outside air ventilation needs, thus cutting down the energy needed to heat or cool incoming air.

Another example is fan array systems, which provide better redundancy and efficiency than traditional single-fan systems. These fan arrays can deliver the necessary airflow while improving overall system reliability, which is particularly valuable in critical educational buildings like laboratories or dormitories.

Building Automation and AI Integration

The integration of building automation systems (BAS) is another strategy that can save energy and reduce costs. With digital controls and the integration of AI-powered predictive maintenance, systems can be monitored and adjusted in real-time to optimize energy use. For example, AI can predict when a fan motor may fail based on patterns of use, allowing for preventive repairs before they lead to a breakdown.rnrnIt’s also important to discuss commissioning systems after installation to ensure they operate as intended. Proper commissioning can lead to a 5-16% savings in energy costs by ensuring that the HVAC and mechanical systems are running optimally.
Lipari Foods Refrigerator Warehouse Mechanical Equipment
Lipari Foods Refrigerator Warehouse Mechanical Equipment

Rating Systems and Energy Efficiency

We can measure the effectiveness of energy-saving initiatives through several rating systems, including Energy Star, LEED, and WELL certifications. These systems help track the performance of buildings in areas such as energy efficiency, sustainability, and occupant well-being. For example, buildings with an Energy Star score of 75 or above are considered top performers. For educational institutions looking to demonstrate their commitment to energy efficiency, these certifications are valuable benchmarks.

Reducing energy consumption in educational buildings is about more than just saving money; it’s about fostering a sustainable environment for students, faculty, and staff. From optimizing mechanical systems to embracing AI-driven maintenance, these strategies are practical ways for educational institutions to lead by example in energy efficiency. Implementing these strategies not only reduces costs but also contributes to the broader goal of creating more sustainable, energy-efficient campuses across the nation.
College students sitting in front of fireplace
College students sitting in front of fireplace

Want to learn more? Check out our SmartLunch series and book a DC expert to speak with your team on energy efficiency or another topic of your choice.

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